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| A-sample |
A
representative of the product in a low number of attributes. Generally
these are hand made models or updates on current or similar items. |
| Attribute |
A
quality or characteristic inherent in or ascribed to the product
in whole or in part. |
| B-sample |
A
representative of the product in all respects but not necessarily
from production tools. These are generally hand made or from prototype
tools. |
| Benchmarking |
The
process by which a business compares its own performance, products,
and services with those of other businesses that are recognised
as the best in a particular category or class. The product or service
that is determined to be the industry standard is known as a benchmark. |
| Brand |
A
name, term, sign, symbol, design or a combination of all of these
used to uniquely identify the products of a business that differentiate
them from the products of the competition. |
| Brainstorming |
A
technique for generating ideas, developing creativity, or problem
solving in small groups, through the free flowing contributions
of all the participants. |
| C-sample |
A
representative of the product in all respects and is produced with
the production intent tooling. The correct manufacturing process
may not be used for these parts. |
| Capability (of process) |
Assurance by measurement
that a process produces the required product repeatably and reproducibly. |
| Competition
(the) |
A
business relation in which two or more parties compete to gain customers. |
| Component |
One of the parts of
a sub-system or system of which a manufactured product is made up
and into which it may be resolved. |
| Consumables |
Parts and materials
that are used in the manufacture of products but are themselves not
part of the final product. These items are effectively consumed during
the manufacture of the product. |
| Containment |
A
containment is a short term solution that may be inefficient to
adopt but will quickly isolate customers from the effects of a problem. |
| Cost
model (of product) |
A
representation of the financial aspects of the product that can
be used to report the project and product financial status. Can
be used to calculate the future product financial status. |
| Cost
Tracking Sheet |
A
document that lists all the costs associated with a bought-in part
or service. The historical and current cost information is shown. |
| Critical
path |
The
sequence of inter-dependent tasks that aggregate to determine the
minimum duration of the project. A delay in any task on the critical
path can have a significant impact on the project deadline. |
| CSO |
Customer
Sign Off – Approval by a customer representative that the product
meets the original product requirements. |
| Customer |
The
individual or body that purchases the product.
An internal customer is within of the business.
An external customer is outside of the business. |
| Customer
representative |
The
individual or body that is internal to the business but act as external
customers for the purpose of validating the product. |
| D-sample |
A
wholly representative of the product in all respects including the
production intent tooling and the correct manufacturing process.
These parts can be deemed saleable. |
| Deliverables |
Measurable outputs
or change produced by a given program or activity. |
| Design |
The
information and data required to adequately describe the product
to allow all the component parts to be manufactured and the product
to be assembled. |
| Design
of Experiments |
A
statistical quality tool that for estimates the impacts of variables
on problems. |
| DFA |
Design
For Assembly. A tool to ensure the product is efficient in terms
of parts count and to confirm that all the individual parts of the
design are required. |
| DFMEA |
Design
Failure Mode Effect Analysis. A tool specifically used to analyse
the design of the area of interest. |
| Design
Engineer (Product) |
The
Engineer concerned with the design and construction of the product.
In most cases the product Design Engineer will be involved in nearly
all the phases of the project and may have ownership of features,
functions, attributes, components of the product. |
| DSO |
Design Sign Off
– Approval by the Engineering representative that the product
design is complete, validated and meets the original product requirements. |
| Dry build |
A controlled activity
where each part or component is assembled in an engineering environment.
Used to confirm there are no assembly problems prior to a prototype
manufacturing product build event. |
| End
of life |
The
end of life is the duration for which the product is expected to
operate within the design requirements. Degradation in performance
can occur but as soon as the performance reduces to the design limit
end of life has been reached. |
| Engineering |
The
business function concerned with the creative activities of designing
and developing goods and services. |
| Engineering
Management |
Those
who control or direct the Engineering activity and are directly
responsible for the product Design Engineer. |
| Error
handling |
A
process by which an unexpected situation is dealt with. This continues
until the unexpected situation is resolved. |
| ESO |
Engineering
Sign Off – Approval by the Engineering representative that the product
meets the original product requirements. |
| Factholder |
An
individual that is deemed to be the most knowledgeable of the area
of interest. |
| FMEA |
A tool specifically
used to reduce the occurrence and severity of potential failures of
the area of interest. |
| FTT |
First
Time Through – A percentage measure of how many products are
manufactured completely clean through all the manufacturing processes
with no manufacturing mistakes. |
| Futured
market |
A
prediction of the state of the marketplace at a future point in
time. |
| Gateway |
A
point in time where the status of the project is reviewed against
the process deliverables. A gateway can only be passed if all the
process deliverables for that gateway are achieved. |
| Hard
points |
Elements
or parts of a product or process that cannot be changed. These
aspects are basically outside the scope of the project. |
| Hidden
factory |
Undocumented
processes or activities carried out as part of a larger process
or activity. The hidden factory activities are normally carried
out to correct deficiencies in the main process or correct errors
in the outputs of previous activities. |
| Halo
effect |
A
favourable (or unfavourable) impression falsely created to influence
the customer's impression of other products. |
| Industry
standards |
The
process of establishing agreement on uniform identifications for
definite characteristics of quality, design, performance, quantity,
service, etc. |
| Information
technology |
Computing
equipment often used to automate tasks or to store large amounts
of information. |
| Launch
team |
A
highly motivated team of individuals who's role is to ensure a smooth
transition of the product from the design sign off to current production. |
| Manufacturing |
The
business function concerned with the making and assembly of the
product. This will include the Manufacturing planning and Engineering
functions. |
| Marketing |
The
business function concerned with the activities which identifies,
anticipates and satisfies customer requirements. |
| Marketplace |
The
group of consumers or organisations that is interested in the product,
has the resources to purchase the product and is allowed by law
and other regulations to purchase the product. |
| Media |
Forms
of mass communication. Used to carry advertising or information
relating to a product. |
| Milestone |
A
point in time where the status of the project is reviewed against
the process deliverables. A milestone can be passed if all the
process deliverables for that milestone are achieved or good plans
are in place to achieve the process deliverables. |
| MSO |
Manufacturing Sign
Off – Approval by the manufacturing representative that the
manufacturing process is capable to robustly manufacture the product. |
| Objective
measurement |
A
process of quantifying events or attributes of objects where there
is little or no interpretation made by the observer. This is typically
assessed with a consistent scale of engineering units. |
| Patent
infringements |
The
use of patent protected technology without the authorisation of
the patent holder, intended or otherwise. |
| PFMEA |
Process
Failure Mode Effect Analysis. A tool specifically used to analyse
the manufacturing process of the area of interest. |
| Process |
A
series of tasks, activities and checkpoints that are followed in
a prescribed way. |
| Product |
A
product is a good or service which can be bought and sold. A product
is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a
want or need. |
| Product
Manager |
An
individual who is solely responsible for the product. This individual
will have the highest level of authority within the organisation
for the product. |
| Project |
A
managed set of resources that deliver one or more products. A project
must have a defined start and finish. A project must have a set
of defined deliverables and a schedule of activities. |
| Project
Management |
Those
responsible for planning, directing, monitoring, and controlling
the project. The Project Management is responsible for meeting
the customer requirements. |
| Prototype |
A
representation of the product in whole or part that is used as a
model for review or test of the whole or part of the product. |
| PSW |
Part Submission Warrant.
Affirmation that the supplied materials or parts meets the agreed
design standards and are manufactured with a capable process. |
| Quality history |
A record of all
the problems that have occurred with the area of interest and the
resolutions developed. |
| Quality maturation |
The process by
which the product is refined to better meet the requirements of
both internal and external customers. The product quality is matured. |
| Quality
Team |
Those
who define and monitor standards, practices and procedures to ensure
the product requirements are met. |
| Repeatability |
This is the variation
in measurements obtained with one checking fixture when used multiple
times by an operator when measuring the identical characteristic on
the same part. |
| Reproducibility |
This is the variation
in the average of the measurements made by different measurers when
using the same checking fixture when measuring the identical characteristic
on the same part. |
| Resources |
The
raw materials, supplies, capital equipment, finances, factories,
offices, labour, management and entrepreneurial skills that are
used in producing products. |
| RFT |
Right First Time
– A percentage measure of how many products contain no faults at
the end the manufacturing process. Any manufacturing mistakes are
corrected within the manufacturing processes. These mistake corrections
can sometimes be referred to as a hidden factory process. |
| Screening |
A
process by which the best product proposal is identified from many
alternative potential products. |
| Senior
Management Team |
Those
who control or direct the business. |
| Sigma |
Standard deviation
- A measure of dispersion of data. It is defined as the square root
of variance. |
| Software
download |
The
ability to update or change the software level in a product in a
manufacturing or service environment. |
| SPC |
Statistical Process
Control. A method of statistical sampling to help detect when special
causes of variation have crept, or are creeping, into the manufacturing
process. |
| Standard deviation |
A measure of dispersion
of data. It is defined as the square root of variance. Can be referred
to as Sigma. |
| Stakeholders |
Individuals
or organisations that have an interest in the project, product,
system, sub-system or component. |
| Status
(RAG) |
This
is a high level method of reporting the status of a deliverable:
R – Red. There are no plans to achieve the deliverable or a currently
insurmountable obstacle has been found.
A – Amber. The deliverable is not complete but good plans are
in place with no known obstacles.
G – Green. The deliverable is complete to the satisfaction of
all the stakeholders. |
| Subjective
measurement |
A
process of quantifying events or attributes of objects by assigning
numbers to them based on the observer’s internal experience. This
is typically assessed with a rating scale. |
| Sub-system |
A collection of components
organised to accomplish a specific function or set of functions. Sub-systems
come together to form systems. |
| SWOT
analysis |
A
tool used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats of the area of interest. |
| System |
A collection of components
and / or sub-systems organised to accomplish a specific function or
set of functions. Systems come together to make the complete product. |
| Test
Engineer |
This
is the Engineer responsible for conducting the tests to validate
the, components, sub-systems, systems and product. The test Engineer
can also be the design Engineer. |
| Timing
plan |
Used
to communicate when a desired series of chronologically arranged
events and activities will take place. |
| Training |
The
acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of
the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that
relate to specific useful competencies. |
| Tuneable parameter |
A value or attribute
of the product, system, sub-system or component that can be readily
adjusted to give the desired outcome. |
| USP |
Unique
Selling Proposition. Distinguishes the product from the competition.
A differentiator that the competition cannot claim. |
| UUT |
Unit
Under Test – This can be any product, systems, sub-systems or component
that is the subject of a test. |
| Validation |
The
process by which the design of the product reviewed or tested and
confirmed as good. |
| Value
add |
Used
to describe the work or activities carried out by a process or activity.
In manufacturing terms value add represents all the assembly processes
or activities. |
| Verification |
The
process by which the validated design is confirmed it is as intended. |
| Walk
the process |
This
is where the manufacturing process in its entirety is witnessed.
Generally used to establish where errors can be, or are being made. |
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